Wrench.



No. 636,648. Patented Nov. 7, 5899. N. M. FABMER.

WRENCH.

(Application filed Mar. 23, 1899.)

(No Model.)

314 ue wio'c UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIQE.

NATHAN M. FARMER, OF BURR, NEBRASKA.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 636,648, dated November7, 1899.

Application filed March 23, 1899.

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, NATHAN M. FARMER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Burr, in the county of Otoe and State of Nebraska, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to Wrenches and the object in View is to providea Wrench of novel construction useful either as a nut or pipe wrench andhaving combined therewith a number of useful articles adapted to be usedseparately and independently.

The detailed objects and advantages of the invention will appear morefully in the course of the ensuing description.

The invention consists in a wrench embodying certain novel features anddetails of construction'and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter fullydescribed, illustrated in the drawings, and incorporated in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a wrenchconstructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is anenlarged plan view of one end of the stock and easing, with the adjacentside removed to show the jaws and operating devices under their relativearrangement. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section taken centrally and atright angles to Fig. 2, showing the guide-slots, the pin, &c. Fig. 4. isa detail perspective view of one of the jaws complete. Fig. 5 is asimilar view of the wedge and yoke. Fig. 6 is a similar View of theseparable portion of the stock, showing the screw-driver.

Similar numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in theseveral figures of the drawings.

The wrench stock or shank (indicated at 1) is made in two parts, beingseparable at the point 2, leaving a detachable part 4, which is madetapering, as shown, and provided at its outer end with a head 5,comprising two polls 6 and 7, 6 constituting an ordinary hammer, While 7forms a wedge-shaped head or extension used as a riveting-hammer. Thepart 4: terminates at its extremity in a claw or tack puller 8 and atits inner end is extended to form a screw-driver 9, the shank of whichis Serial No. 710,217. (No model.)

threaded to receive a jam-nut 10, the shank 9 being received in athreaded opening 11 in the stock and being securely held by tighteningup the jam-nut 10. As no special claim is made to these parts, however,further description is unnecessary.

The forward end of the stock 1 is widened or extended laterally to forma casing 12, between the side plates of which suflicient space is leftto receive the operative parts of the wrench proper, the edges of thecasing being left open, as at 13, to enable oil to be introduced to theworking parts of the wrench. The wrench-jaws (indicated at 14 and 15)extend longitudinally beyond the end of the casing, and one of the jawsmay be toothed on its inner active edge, while the other is left smooth,or both may be smooth or toothed, according to the desire of themanufacturer. The jaws are provided with inwardly-extending overlappingears 16, through which passes acommon pivot 17, which may consist of ascrew for uniting the top and bottom or side plates of the casing in theevent of its being desirable to make one of said plates or sidesdetachable for giving access to the working parts of the wrench. Each ofthe jaws is provided with a heel extension 18, and said heel extensionis wedge-shaped, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, the rear end being wider,fora purpose which will hereinafter appear. The heel extension 18 is ofless thickness than the jaw proper, thus forming a shoulder 19, whichserves to limit the forward movement of the yoke and wedge, hereinafterdescribed.

Operating between the heel extensions 18 is a wedge 20, which isprovided with a rearwardlyextending screw threaded stem 21, working in alongitudinal cavity 22 in the stock. Surrounding the stem 21 is anexteriorly-knurled nut 23, the periphery of which projects throughopenings 24 in the sides of the casing, where it maybe operated by hand.The nut 23 may be freely rotated; but it cannot be moved longitudinallyof the stock, simply serving to feed the stem 21 forward or backward foradvancing or retracting the wedge 220. Passing through the wedge 20 andextending transversely through the side walls of the casing is aguide-pin 25, the ends of which project sufliciently beyond the wedge toenter and work in a longitudinal guideslot 26, thereby causing the wedgeto travel in a rectilinear path, so that it may operate equally uponboth jaws. The wedge works between the rearwardly-diverging inner edgesof the heel extensions 18, and as it moves forward it forces said heelextensions apart and serves to close the jaws upon the nut, pipe, orother object to be clamped.

Mounted upon the pin 25 and let into a facial recess in the wedge 20 isa yoke 26, the central portion of which is enlarged to receive the pin25, and the extremities of which are bent laterally, so as to embracethe extensions 18 and work against the outer edges thereof. When thewedge 20 is retracted, the yoke 26 moves with it and its extremities 27cooperate with the outer edges of the heel extensions and serve to drawsaid extensions together, and thereby open the jaws let and 15. The yoke26 may be oscillated on the guide-pin 25, and thereby accommodate itselfto the extensions 18, thus insuring the proper cooperation between theextremities 27 and said heel extensions.

All strain is removed from the pivot 17 by means of cross-pieces or lugs28, which are located outside of the jaws 14 and 15 and which have theirinner bearing edges inclined in opposite directions, as shown at 29,thereby forming two inwardly-extending vertices 30, which lie in linewith the pivot 17. By this construction and arrangement as the jaws arevibrated through the action of the wedge they fulcrum againstthevertices 30 of the bearing-lugs 28, said lugs being admirably adaptedto resist the outward pressure of the jaws, which would otherwise bebrought upon the pivot 1'7.

By the construction hereinabove described a simple, convenient, anddurable combination-wrench is provided, and in the absence of springsand other delicate parts there is little likelihood of the wrenchgetting out of order or the parts thereof becoming broken. In additionto this the wrench is equipped with other useful implements and attachments, which can be used independently and which do not interfere withthe proper operation of the wrench itself.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desiredto be secured by Letters Patent, is

1. In a wrench, a pair of pivoted jaws having wedge-shaped heelextensions, a casing in which the jaws are mounted havingoppositely-located longitudinal guide-slots, a wedge working betweensaid extensions, means for advancing and retracting the wedge, a pinpassing through the wedge with its ends Working in said guide-slots, anda yoke mounted on said pin and having its ends in cooperative relationto said heel extensions, substantially as described.

2. In a wrench, the combination with a stock, of a pair of jaws mountedon a common pivot intermediate their ends and provided with heelextensions, a wedge working be tween the heel extensions,means foroperating said wedge, and bearing-lugs on the stock on opposite sides ofthe jaws, said lugs having a fixed relation to the common pivot of thejaws, substantially as described.

3. In a wrench, the combination with a stock and easing, of a pair ofjaws mounted on a common pivot and provided with heel extensions, meansoperating on said heel extensions for opening and closing the jaws, andoppositely-located bearing-lugs in the casing having reversely-inclinedinner edges and inwardly-extending vertices or bearingpoints located inline with the common pivot of the jaws, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

NATHAN M. FARMER.

IVitnesses:

IV. 13. WARD, B. FRANK NEAL.

